Atopic dermatitis, or eczema, is a chronic skin disorder. When it is flaring up - which can be weekly or monthly for some - it is characterized by red, itchy skin. This condition usually occurs in people with a personal or family history of atopy (allergic asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, or food allergies).
特应性皮炎或湿疹是一种慢性的皮肤疾病。当它发作时，可以持续一周、一月甚至更长时间。它的特点是皮肤发红、 发痒。这种情况通常发生在过敏 (过敏性哮喘、 鼻炎、 结膜炎或食物过敏) 者或有过敏家庭病史者。
To aid in the relief of this disease you need to identify and reduce those factors in your life that exacerbate the disease. These are different for each person, so no one therapy is appropriate for all eczema sufferers.
为要达到缓解这一疾病的目的，需要查明并减少你生活中加剧这种疾病的各种因素。这种病对每个人是不同的，所以不可能一个疗法适合所有的湿疹患者。
Irritants: Environmental factors can have a big effect on eczema. To prevent irritation, minimize the use of soaps, solvents, and other drying compounds. If soaps are to be used they should have minimal defatting activity and a neutral pH. Non-soap cleansing agents are also available. Since residual laundry detergent in clothes may also be irritating, a second rinse cycle would be beneficial. Changing detergents may also help.
刺激因素： 环境因素可能对湿疹很大影响。要防止过敏，尽量减少使用肥皂、 溶剂、 和其他引起皮肤干燥的化合物。如果要使用肥皂，应选用最小脱脂活性的和中性PH 值的，或选用非皂性清洗剂。由于洗衣残余在衣服上的洗涤剂也可能有刺激性，多次冲洗将是有益的。此外改变洗涤剂类型也可有助于减少刺激。
For hand dermatitis, it is important to avoid irritant contact with solvents, soaps and detergents. If you wash your hands frequently, it is important to apply emollients after every washing. Pure Emu oil and emu oil based lotions are an excellent method of re-hydrating the skin after washing. Wearing appropriate gloves when using potential irritants is also important.
手部皮炎，重要的是要避免接触刺激性溶剂、 肥皂和洗涤剂。如果你经常洗手，重要的是洗后要应用润肤剂。纯鸸鹋油和鸸鹋油基护肤乳是洗手后护肤的好方法。使用具有潜在刺激的物品时，戴合适的手套也是重要的。
Allergens: Allergens in the air and in food are often triggers for a flare-up of this disorder. Allergy testing is helpful in determining what allergens to avoid. Occasionally, using an electrostatic air purifier can help reduce aeroallergen exposure at home or in the workplace.
过敏原： 空气和食物中的过敏原往往是这种疾病发作的诱因。过敏测试助于确定哪些过敏原应当避免。有时，在家中或工作场所使用静电空气净化器，可以帮助减少接触吸入性过敏原。
Dietary management of atopic dermatitis continues to be a controversial subject among doctors. The most common allergens appear to be eggs, cow's milk, soy, wheat, nuts and fish.
特应性皮炎的膳食管理仍然是医生之间有争议的主题。最常见的过敏原似乎是鸡蛋、牛奶、大豆、小麦、坚果和鱼。
Infections: If you get a bacterial, fungal or viral infection, it may cause a flare-up of eczema. If eczema is weeping or oozing, if it is crusted, or if it has small bumps, have your doctor test for the presence of bacterial infection.
感染： 如果你感染了细菌、 真菌或病毒，它可能会导致湿疹发作。如果湿疹渗水、结痂，或者有小凸起，医生会测试存在的细菌感染。
Athletes foot (tineas pedis) can occur in older children and adults in addition to foot dermatitis. When standard topical therapy for foot dermatitis fails, you doctor may test for this fungus.
运动员脚 (tineas 足癣)：皮炎发也可以在较大儿童和成人的脚部发生。脚部皮炎用标准程序治疗失败时，您的医生可能会测试真菌感染。
Helpful Hints for Eczema
湿疹的一些有用提示
Hydration: Your skin is dry, not because it lacks grease or oil, but because it fails to retain water. Therefore, to correct dryness, water is added to the skin, followed by a grease or oil-containing substance to hold the water in. This can be done by soaking the affected area in a basin of water, in the bath or in the shower, for 20 minutes using warm water.
水化： 你的皮肤是干性的，不是因为它缺乏油脂或油，而是因为它未能锁住水分。因此，若要改变干燥，就要给皮肤补水，接着是油脂或含有油的物质以锁住皮肤的水分。你应当在20 分钟内，将发病部位浸泡在一盆温水中、 或洗澡或淋浴。
Pat the skin with a soft towel to remove excess water, and immediately apply Emu oil. You should bathe and lubricate at least once a day or more for optimum hydration. Many folks find additional applications (2 or 3 times a day) of agents like Emu oil that hydrate the skin, help keep their skin moist.
然后用柔软的毛巾要拍吸掉皮肤多余的水分，并立即应用鸸鹋油。为了保持水润的皮肤，你应该每天至少洗一次澡并立即润肤。很多人选用其他应用办法 （每天2 或 3 次） 像滋润皮肤的鸸鹋油，帮助保持皮肤湿润。
Although eczema can be difficult to live with, we hope the above suggestions will help alleviate some of the discomfort associated with it. Remember: no two cases are exactly alike and each person may have different needs.
尽管湿疹给患者带来严峻的局面，但我们希望以上的建议将有助于缓解一些与之相关联的不适。请记住： 没有两宗病案都是完全相同的，而且每个人都可能有不同的需求。

我们的赞助商： Longview 农场| Blue Pain Relive